The text-based framework for teaching English is an approach that integrates the four language skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) using authentic texts. A text can be any piece of spoken or written language that has a communicative purpose and a coherent structure. Examples of texts include stories, poems, dialogues, letters, emails, reports, articles and so on.
The text-based framework consists of three main stages: building the context, modelling and joint construction of the text, and independent construction of the text. In the first stage, the teacher activates the students’ prior knowledge and introduces the topic, genre, and purpose of the text. In the second stage, the teacher guides the students to analyze and understand the features and organization of the text and then helps them to co-create a similar text using scaffolding techniques. In the third stage, the students apply what they have learned to produce their own texts independently or in groups, and then reflect on their work and receive feedback from the teacher and peers.